The 2012 Summer Olympics

The 2012 Summer Olympics, officially the Games of the XXX Olympiad, and also more generally known as London 2012, was a major international multi-sport event, celebrated in the tradition of the Olympic Games, as governed by the International Olympic Committee (IOC), that took place in London, United Kingdom, from 27 July to 12 August 2012. The first event, the group stages in women's football, began two days earlier, on 25 July. More than 10,000 athletes from 204 National Olympic Committees participated

                                              

This is the clear version of the official logo

 Following a bid headed by former Olympic champion Sebastian Coe and then-Mayor of London Ken Livingstone, London was selected as the host city on 6 July 2005 during the 117th IOC Session in Singapore, defeating bids from Moscow, New York City, Madrid and Paris. London was the first city to officially host the modern Olympic Games three times having previously done so in 1908 and in 1948.

 The opening ceremony, directed by Danny Boyle, also received near-universal acclaim. During the Games, Michael Phelps became the most decorated Olympic athlete of all time, winning his 22nd medal.[19] Great Britain achieved its highest tally of gold medals since 1908, finishing third in the medal table. Saudi Arabia, Qatar and Brunei entered female athletes for the first time, meaning every currently eligible country has sent a female competitor to at least one Olympic Games. With women's boxing included, the Games became the first at which every sport had female competitors.

Approximately 4,700 Olympic and Paralympic medals have been produced by the Royal Mint at Llantrisant. They were designed by David Watkins (Olympics) and Lin Cheung (Paralympics).  Each medal weighs 375–400 g (13.2–14 oz), has a diameter of 85 mm (3.3 in) and is 7 mm (0.28 in) thick, with the sport and discipline engraved on the rim. The obverse, as is traditional, features Nike, the Greek goddess of victory, stepping from the Panathinaiko Stadium that hosted the first modern Olympic Games in 1896, with Parthenon in the background; the reverse features the Games logo, the River Thames and a series of lines representing "the energy of athletes and a sense of pulling together". The medals were transferred to the Tower of London vaults on 2 July 2012 for storage.

The opening ceremony of the 2012 Summer Olympics was held on 27 July and called "Isles of Wonder". Oscar-winning director Danny Boyle was its artistic director, with the music directors being the electronic music duo Rick Smith and Karl Hyde of Underworld.

 The Games were officially opened by Queen Elizabeth II, accompanied by Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh. It was the second Games the Queen had opened personally, the first being the 1976 Summer Olympics in Montreal. All successive Olympics held in Canada or Australia have been opened by their respective governors-general.

 A short comic film starring Daniel Craig as secret agent James Bond and the Queen as herself was screened during the ceremony. Live musical performers included Frank Turner, Mike Oldfield, London Symphony Orchestra (accompanied by Rowan Atkinson), Dizzee Rascal, Arctic Monkeys and Sir Paul McCartney, who performed the song "Hey Jude" at the end of the ceremony.

 The official BARB ratings give the opening ceremony a rating of 24.24 million viewers, the highest audience for any British television broadcast since 1996.

The closing ceremony of the London 2012 Summer Olympics was held on 12 August 2012. In addition to protocol, the ceremony featured a flashback fiesta to British music with The Who finishing out the performance. The ceremony also included a handover of the Olympic flag by Boris Johnson, Mayor of London, to Eduardo Paes, Mayor of Rio de Janeiro, the host city of the 2016 Summer Olympics.

1.       PREDICCIÓN DE CONCEPTOS

Deportes: toda aquella actividad física que involucra una serie de reglas o normas a desempeñar

Juegos: actividad que se utiliza para la diversión y el disfrute de los participantes

Competidores: Cada uno de los participantes de una prueba deportiva

Londres:  capital de Inglaterra.

2.       BUSCAR LAS SIGUIENTES PALABRAS EN LA SOPA DE LETRAS

Evento – deporte – juegos – medalla – ceremonia – competidores – Londres – olimpíadas

E	C	A	F	G	M	J	V	L	B	P	S
V	E	Z	C	X	J	U	Q	O	Ñ	X	E
E	R	F	V	F	U	U	A	N	M	P	R
N	E	D	R	H	E	U	B	D	T	I	O
T	M	A	B	R	G	J	U	R	Y	B	D
O	O	D	E	P	O	R	T	E	J	V	I
Q	N	V	B	O	S	K	Y	S	I	X	T
E	I	S	P	H	O	G	M	N	K	Q	E
R	A	F	P	T	R	V	S	D	J	N	P
Y	G	Z	C	H	R	P	A	J	R	X	M
U	H	S	A	D	A	I	P	M	I	L	O
M	E	D	A	L	L	A	T	A	G	P	C

Realizado por: Tania Vieytes – Victoria Ansin – Claudia Álvarez

Ansin, Vieytes, Álvarez

BASIC COLOR THEORY

Color theory encompasses a multitude of definitions, concepts and design applications -

enough to fill several encyclopedias. However, there are three basic categories of color theory

that are logical and useful : The color wheel, color harmony, and the context of how colors

are used.

Color theories create a logical structure for color. For example, if we have an assortment of

fruits and vegetables, we can organize them by color and place them on a circle that shows

the colors in relation to each other.

The Color Wheel

A color circle, based on red, yellow and blue, is traditional in the field of art. Sir Isaac

Newton developed the first circular diagram of colors in 1666. Since then, scientists and

artists have studied and designed numerous variations of this concept. Differences of opinion

about the validity of one format over another continue to provoke debate. In reality, any color

circle or color wheel which presents a logically arranged sequence of pure hues has merit.

There are also definitions (or categories) of colors based on the color wheel. We begin with a

3-part color wheel.

- Primary Colors: Red, yellow and blue

In traditional color theory (used in paint and pigments), primary colors are the 3 pigment

colors that can not be mixed or formed by any combination of other colors. All other colors

are derived from these 3 hues.

- Secondary Colors: Green, orange and purple

These are the colors formed by mixing the primary colors.

- Tertiary Colors: Yellow-orange, red-orange, red-purple,

The color systems used by scientists and artists are entirely different. An artist will mix blue and yellow paint to get a shade of green; a scientist will mix green and red light to create yellow. The printed page in a magazine is yet another system.

It's important to define the two different kinds of color that we see in the world as the first step in understanding color systems. First, there's the color you can touch, such as the skin of an apple or a painted wall. These colors are part of the surface of an object. Next, there's the color you can't touch, such as a beam of red light and the colors produced by your computer monitor. Colors generated by light are part of one color system. The tangible colors which are on the surface of objects or on the printed page are another color system.

The following illustrations and descriptions define the different color systems.

1. Additive Color System
Red - Green - Blue (RGB)

Scientists recognize the light primaries of red, green and blue. When combined, red and green light rays produce yellow, blue and green produce cyan, red and blue produce magenta. Red, green and blue mix to create white (light). Link to How the Eye Sees Color  for more information on the "additive" definition of light. This color model is used in computer monitors, television sets, and theater.

2. Subtractive Color System
Red - Yellow - Blue

Primary Colors	Secondary Colors	Tertiary Colors

Most artists recognize red, yellow and blue as the 3 basic primary colors. These primaries are the pure colors which can not be created by mixing any other colors. Secondary hues are the result of mixing any of the two primaries. Tertiary colors result from mixing the secondary hues.

In subtractive color theory, all colors mix to yield black. Link to "How the Eye Sees Color" for more information about why this color system is subtractive.

3. The CMYK Color System
Cyan - Magenta - Yellow - Black

In the print industry, cyan, magenta, yellow and black are used as the primary colors. When you mix all the colors, the result is gray. If you look at a printed page with a magnifying glass you might see something like the illustration below.

 

                                V o F

1. La teoría del color incluye una variedad de conceptos.

2. en el campo del arte un círculo de color es basado en: negro, anaranjado y violeta.

3. Bolt desarrollo el primer diagrama circular de los colores.

4. existen categorías de colores en función de la rueda de color. 

 

Elige la opción correcta

1¿Cuáles son los tres colores primarios pigmento en la teoría tradicional del color?

a- rojo

b- amarillo

c- azul

a- rojo

b- amarillo

c- gris

 

a- verde

b- anaranjado

c- negro

2. Newton desarrollo el primer diagrama circular de colores en el año: 

 

a- 1650                       b- 1666                          c- 1661

3. un científico para obtener luz amarilla mezclará luces de color:

 

a- rojo

b- amarillo

a- rojo

b- verde

a- verde

b- anaranjado

  

 

4. En el sector de la industria de la impresión son usados como colores primarios:

a- verde

b- anaranjado

c- negro

d- azul

a- verde

b- anaranjado

c- negro

d- rojo

a- cyan

b- magenta

c- negro

d- amarillo

5. El Additive color system es usado en:

a- arte 

 

b- industria de la impresión 

 

c- sets de televisión, teatros.

6. En el Subtractive Color System para obtener el color secundario anaranjado se mezcla:

 

a- rojo - verde                       b- rojo - azul                       c- Amarillo – rojo

Creado por Victoria Ansin – Claudia Álvarez – Tania Vieytes

Connectivism Álvarez - Ansin - Vieytes

Connectivism was introduced as a theory of learning based on the premise that knowledge
exists in the world rather than in the head of an individual. Connectivism proposes a
perspective similar to the Activity theory of Vygotsky as it regards knowledge to exist within
systems which are accessed through people participating in activities. It also bears some
similarity with the Social Learning Theory of Bandura that proposes that people learn through
contact. The add-on "a learning theory for the digital age", that appears on Siemens paper [1]
indicates the special importance that is given to the effect technology has on how people live,
how they communicate, and how they learn.


One aspect of connectivism is the use of a network with nodes and connections as a central
metaphor for learning. [2] In this metaphor, a node is anything that can be connected to
another node within a network such as an organisation: information, data, feelings, images.
Connectivism sees learning as the process of creating connections and developing a network.
Not all connections are of equal strength in this metaphor; in fact, many connections may be
quite weak. The idea of organisations being cognitive systems where knowledge is distributed
across a network of nodes can be traced back to the work on the Perceptron. This metaphor is
directly borrowed from Connectionism, "a paradigm in cognitive sciences that sees mental or
behavioral phenomena as the emergent processes of interconnected networks of simple
units" (reproduced from Connectionism).
This network metaphor allows for a notion of "know-where" (the understanding of where to
find the knowledge when it is needed) to supplement to the ones of "know-how" and "knowwhat"
that make the cornerstones of many theories of learning.
Principles of connectivism
• Learning and knowledge rests in diversity of opinions.
• Learning is a process of connecting specialized nodes or information sources.
• Learning may reside in non-human appliances.
• Capacity to know more is more critical than what is currently known
• Nurturing and maintaining connections is needed to facilitate continual learning.
• Ability to see connections between fields, ideas, and concepts is a core skill.
• Currency (accurate, up-to-date knowledge) is the intent of all connectivist learning
activities.
• Decision-making is itself a learning process. Choosing what to learn and the meaning
of incoming information is seen through the lens of a shifting reality. While there is a
right answer now, it may be wrong tomorrow due to alterations in the information
climate affecting the decision.

Fuente: www.wikipedia.com


Description of Connectivism
Connectivism is a learning theory for the digital age. Learning has changed over the last
several decades. The theories of behaviourism, cognitivism, and constructivism provide an
effect view of learning in many environments. They fall short, however, when learning
moves into informal, networked, technology-enabled arena. Some principles of connectivism:
• The integration of cognition and emotions in meaning-making is important. Thinking
and emotions influence each other. A theory of learning that only considers one
dimension excludes a large part of how learning happens.
• Learning has an end goal - namely the increased ability to "do something". This
increased competence might be in a practical sense (i.e. developing the ability to use
a new software tool or learning how to skate) or in the ability to function more
effectively in a knowledge era (self-awareness, personal information management,
etc.). The "whole of learning" is not only gaining skill and understanding - actuation
is a needed element. Principles of motivation and rapid decision making often
determine whether or not a learner will actuate known principles.
• Learning is a process of connecting specialized nodes or information sources. A
learner can exponentially improve their own learning by plugging into an existing
network.
• Learning may reside in non-human appliances. Learning (in the sense that something
is known, but not necessarily actuated) can rest in a community, a network, or a
database.
• The capacity to know more is more critical that what is currently known. Knowing
where to find information is more important than knowing information.
• Nurturing and maintaining connections is needed to facilitate learning. Connection
making provides far greater returns on effort than simply seeking to understand a
single concept.
• Learning and knowledge rest in diversity of opinions.
• Learning happens in many different ways. Courses, email, communities,
conversations, web search, email lists, reading blogs, etc. Courses are not the primary
conduit for learning.
• Different approaches and personal skills are needed to learn effectively in today's
society. For example, the ability to see connections between fields, ideas, and
concepts is a core skill.
• Organizational and personal learning are integrated tasks. Personal knowledge is
comprised of a network, which feeds into organizations and institutions, which in turn
feed back into the network and continue to provide learning for the individual.
Connectivism attempts to provide an understanding of how both learners and
organizations learn.
• Currency (accurate, up-to-date knowledge) is the intent of all connectivist learning.
• Decision-making is itself a learning process. Choosing what to learn and the meaning
of incoming information is seen through the lens of shifting reality. While there is a
right answer now, it may be wrong tomorrow due to alterations in the information
climate impacting the decision.
• Learning is a knowledge creation process...not only knowledge consumption.
Learning tools and design methodologies should seek to capitalize on this trait of
learning.

Fuente: WWW.connectivism.com

What is it?

TEXT 1                                                          

Teoría del aprendizaje basado en que el conocimiento existe en el mundo, en lugar que en la cabeza.


TEXT 2

Es una teoría del aprendizaje para la era digital.

How is it different from others?

TEXT 1

La diferencia con la teoría de Ausubel es que este último plantea que el niño tiene conocimientos anteriores.

TEXT 2

La diferencia con el constructivismo, es que esta teoría combina las ideas pre existentes de manera que se adapta a las necesidades dela era actual.

Which are its principles?

TEXT 1

- Se basa en la diversidad de opiniones.

- El conocimiento puede residir fuera del ser humano.

- La toma de decisiones es en si misma un proceso de aprendizaje.

TEXT 2

- El aprendizaje se da de diferentes maneras: e mail, web, search, etc.
- La integración de la razón y las emociones es imperante.
- El aprendizaje tiene una meta final: incrementar la competencia de «hacer algo» en el sentido práctico.
- La capacidad de saber más y saber dónde encontrar información es más importante que saber determinada información.