Clara López - Francisca de Cabrera
Climate
change is a significant and
lasting change in the statistical distribution of weather
patterns over periods ranging from decades to millions of years. It may be a
change in average weather conditions, or in the distribution of weather around
the average conditions (i.e., more or fewer extreme weather events). Climate
change is caused by factors that include oceanic processes (such as oceanic circulation), variations in solar radiation
received by Earth, plate tectonics and volcanic eruptions,
and human-induced alterations of the natural world; these latter effects are
currently causing global warming, and "climate change" is often
used to describe human-specific impacts.
Scientists actively work to understand past
and future climate by using observations and
theoretical models. Borehole
temperature profiles, ice cores,
floral and faunal records, glacial and periglacial processes, stable isotope
and other sediment analyses, and sea level records serve to provide a climate
record that spans the geologic past. More recent data are provided by the
instrumental record. Physically based general
circulation models are often used in theoretical approaches to match
past climate data, make future projections, and link causes and effects in
climate change.
Causes
On the broadest scale, the rate at which
energy is received from the sun and the rate at which it is lost to space
determine the equilibrium temperature and climate of Earth. This energy is
distributed around the globe by winds, ocean currents, and other mechanisms to
affect the climates of different regions.
Factors that can shape climate are called climate forcings or
"forcing mechanisms". These include processes such as variations in solar radiation,
variations in the Earth's orbit, mountain-building
and continental
drift, clouds
and changes in greenhouse
gas concentrations. There are a variety of climate change feedbacks
that can either amplify or diminish the initial forcing. Some parts of the
climate system, such as the oceans and ice caps, respond slowly in reaction to
climate forcings, while others respond more quickly.
Forcing mechanisms can be either
"internal" or "external". Internal forcing mechanisms are natural
processes within the climate system itself (e.g., the thermohaline
circulation). External forcing mechanisms can be either natural
(e.g., changes in solar output) or anthropogenic (e.g., increased emissions of
greenhouse gases).
Whether the initial forcing mechanism is
internal or external, the response of the climate system might be fast (e.g., a
sudden cooling due to airborne volcanic ash reflecting
sunlight), slow (e.g. thermal
expansion of warming ocean water), or a combination (e.g., sudden
loss of albedo in the arctic ocean
as sea ice melts, followed by more gradual thermal expansion of the water).
Therefore, the climate system can respond abruptly, but the full response to
forcing mechanisms might not be fully developed for centuries or even longer.
PREDICCIÓN DE LOS CONCEPTOS QUE
VA A TRATAR EL AUTOR
- Diferencia entre clima y tiempo atmosférico
- Causas del cambio
- Consecuencias
- Líneas de acción
- Animales en extinción
DEFINICIÓN DE CONCEPTOS DESDE
NUESTRO CONOCIMIENTO
Clima: características constantes de acuerdo a una zona de
insolación.
Tiempo atmosférico: depende del clima, se podría decir que son
las manifestaciones del clima. Se trata de la apropiación de los factores
climáticos en un momento específico.
Consecuencias: Aumento de la temperatura de los océanos.
Extinción de animales, cambios en los
ecosistemas
Probabilidad de mayor catástrofes
Destrucción de la capa de ozono
Líneas de acción: Apuntar a la educación ambiental.
Campañas ambientales.
Disminución del consumo y aumento del
cuidado de la tierra.
Animales en extinción: Tigre de bengala, oso polar, el pinguino
emperador, tortuga, gato montes, corales de las zonas cálidas.
LO QUE DICE EL AUTOR
- El cambio climático es un cambio
significativo y duradero de los patrones del clima.
- Es causado por diversos factores, como ser:
la circulación oceánica, las variaciones en la radiación solar, la tectónica de
placas, las erupciones volcánicas y las alteraciones inducidas por el hombre en
el mundo natural; factores que han generando el calentamiento global.
- Los científicos trabajan con distintos
métodos para estudiar la evolución del clima y lo que se prevé para el futuro
en relación al calentamiento global.
BUSCA LAS SIGUIENTES PALABRAS
EN LA SOPA DE LETRAS: Atmósfera, clima, radiación, mareas, vientos,
presión, ozono, cambio, temperatura, calentamiento, naturaleza, hombre.
¡Puedes encontrar palabras en vertical,
horizontal, diagonal y en todos los sentidos!
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